Structural instabilities in soft electro-magneto-elastic cylindrical membranes

In the present work, a nonlinear coupled electro-magneto-elastic membrane formulation is developed for soft functional materials starting from variational form of 3D governing equations. The resulting 2D model applied to an internally pressurized cylindrical in azimuthal magnetic field and radial electric field. results our are verified with existing literature some special cases. subsequently used analyze mechanical electrical limit-point instabilities effect external fields on onset these instabilities. It observed that instability, defined by loss monotonicity pressure versus deformation plots, dependent material properties, geometrical parameters, electromagnetic fields. Magnetic field-induced instability initial dip stretch converging purely hyperelastic behavior at larger stretches. On other hand, applying early (i.e., smaller stretches) compared case. this we additionally observe presence characterized voltage plots. dependence electrical-limit point force inputs studied. To best knowledge, has not been discussed previous Finally, study Maxwell stress due ignoring related traction boundary term error up 10%, depending inputs. summary, describes interactions between electric, elastic limit points membranes under different set loading conditions can be towards improving design actuator energy-harvesting devices.